Conestoga Capital Advisors, LLC More: the full row for Conestoga Capital Advisors, LLC 904,926 $95.7M 1.27% -2,265 13F-HR Timeline NEUBERGER BERMAN GROUP LLC in group NEUBERGER BERMAN GROUP LLC More: the full row for NEUBERGER BERMAN GROUP LLC 873,985 $92.4M 0.07% +15,723 13F-HR Timeline Group BlackRock, Inc. in group BlackRock, Inc. More: the full row for BlackRock, Inc. 661,060 $69.9M <0.01% +1,553 13F-HR Timeline Group Champlain Investment Partners, LLC More: the full row for Champlain Investment Partners, LLC 555,650 $58.8M 0.37% +146,150 13F-HR Timeline T. Rowe Price Investment Management, In… More: the full row for T. Rowe Price Investment Management, Inc. 518,597 $54.8M 0.03% +332,064 13F-HR Timeline VANGUARD GROUP INC in group VANGUARD GROUP INC More: the full row for VANGUARD GROUP INC 510,258 $54M <0.01% -2,000 13F-HR Timeline Group ROYCE & ASSOCIATES LP More: the full row for ROYCE & ASSOCIATES LP 473,254 $50M 0.46% -38,447 13F-HR Timeline WASATCH ADVISORS LP More: the full row for WASATCH ADVISORS LP 439,432 $46.5M 0.23% -223,382 13F-HR Timeline Broadcrest Asset Management, LLC More: the full row for Broadcrest Asset Management, LLC 300,000 $31.7M 47.5% 0 13F-HR Timeline RIVERBRIDGE PARTNERS LLC More: the full row for RIVERBRIDGE PARTNERS LLC 245,041 $25.9M 0.35% -29,824 13F-HR Timeline GEODE CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, LLC in group GEODE CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, LLC More: the full row for GEODE CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, LLC 219,354 $23.2M <0.01% +1,881 13F-HR Timeline Group STATE STREET CORP in group STATE STREET CORP More: the full row for STATE STREET CORP 219,081 $23.2M <0.01% +11,851 13F-HR Timeline Group FRED ALGER MANAGEMENT, LLC in group FRED ALGER MANAGEMENT, LLC More: the full row for FRED ALGER MANAGEMENT, LLC 212,901 $22.5M 0.11% -136,266 13F-HR Timeline Group DIMENSIONAL FUND ADVISORS LP in group DIMENSIONAL FUND ADVISORS LP More: the full row for DIMENSIONAL FUND ADVISORS LP 209,200 $22.1M 0.01% +10,186 13F-HR Timeline Group Granahan Investment Management, LLC More: the full row for Granahan Investment Management, LLC 188,763 $20M 0.83% +107,389 13F-HR Timeline ROYAL BANK OF CANADA in group ROYAL BANK OF CANADA More: the full row for ROYAL BANK OF CANADA 173,514 $18.3M <0.01% +133,013 13F-HR Timeline Group FIRST TRUST ADVISORS LP in group FIRST TRUST ADVISORS LP More: the full row for FIRST TRUST ADVISORS LP 153,196 $16.2M 0.01% +87,568 13F-HR Timeline Group NORTHERN TRUST CORP in group NORTHERN TRUST CORP More: the full row for NORTHERN TRUST CORP 114,755 $12.1M <0.01% +7,171 13F-HR Timeline Group BESSEMER GROUP INC in group BESSEMER GROUP INC More: the full row for BESSEMER GROUP INC 109,608 $11.6M 0.02% +103,493 13F-HR Timeline Group PUNCH & ASSOCIATES INVESTMENT MANAGEMEN… More: the full row for PUNCH & ASSOCIATES INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT, INC. 93,530 $9.89M 0.54% 0 13F-HR Timeline OSTERWEIS CAPITAL MANAGEMENT INC in group OSTERWEIS CAPITAL MANAGEMENT … More: the full row for OSTERWEIS CAPITAL MANAGEMENT INC 89,465 $9.46M 0.44% new 13F-HR/A Timeline Group WEALTH ENHANCEMENT ADVISORY SERVICES, L… More: the full row for WEALTH ENHANCEMENT ADVISORY SERVICES, LLC 79,271 $8.38M 0.02% -32 13F-HR/A Timeline CHARLES SCHWAB INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT INC in group Charles Schwab Trust Co More: the full row for CHARLES SCHWAB INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT INC 75,700 $8M <0.01% +868 13F-HR Timeline Group UBS Group AG group of 2 filers holding More: the full row for UBS Group AG 73,887 $7.81M +25,175 Timeline AMERIPRISE FINANCIAL INC in group AMERIPRISE FINANCIAL INC More: the full row for AMERIPRISE FINANCIAL INC 70,997 $7.51M <0.01% +1,804 13F-HR Timeline Group Catawba River Capital More: the full row for Catawba River Capital 67,300 $7.12M 4.24% +1,473 13F-HR Timeline COMERICA BANK More: the full row for COMERICA BANK 64,600 $6.83M 0.03% +3,594 13F-HR/A Timeline SILVERCREST ASSET MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC More: the full row for SILVERCREST ASSET MANAGEMENT GROUP LLC 62,892 $6.65M 0.04% +17,859 13F-HR Timeline KORNITZER CAPITAL MANAGEMENT INC /KS More: the full row for KORNITZER CAPITAL MANAGEMENT INC /KS 57,150 $6.04M 0.12% 0 13F-HR Timeline NEEDHAM INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT LLC in group NEEDHAM INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT… More: the full row for NEEDHAM INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT LLC 50,700 $5.36M 0.41% +11,200 13F-HR Timeline Group ACK Asset Management LLC More: the full row for ACK Asset Management LLC 45,000 $4.76M 0.64% new 13F-HR Timeline GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP INC in group GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP INC More: the full row for GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP INC 43,267 $4.58M <0.01% +19,729 13F-HR Timeline Group BANK OF AMERICA CORP /DE/ in group BANK OF AMERICA CORP /DE/ More: the full row for BANK OF AMERICA CORP /DE/ 41,613 $4.4M <0.01% -17,565 13F-HR Timeline Group Montanaro Asset Management Ltd More: the full row for Montanaro Asset Management Ltd 40,000 $4.23M 0.87% 0 13F-HR Timeline ESSEX INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT CO LLC More: the full row for ESSEX INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT CO LLC 38,289 $4.05M 0.73% -5,155 13F-HR Timeline RICE HALL JAMES & ASSOCIATES, LLC More: the full row for RICE HALL JAMES & ASSOCIATES, LLC 35,685 $3.77M 0.21% +10,238 13F-HR Timeline VICTORY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT INC More: the full row for VICTORY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT INC 34,710 $3.67M <0.01% +480 13F-HR Timeline Bank of New York Mellon Corp in group Bank of New York Mellon Corp More: the full row for Bank of New York Mellon Corp 27,744 $2.93M <0.01% +45 13F-HR Timeline Group JPMORGAN CHASE & CO in group JPMORGAN CHASE & CO More: the full row for JPMORGAN CHASE & CO 26,434 $2.8M <0.01% +15,991 13F-HR Timeline Group Annex Advisory Services, LLC More: the full row for Annex Advisory Services, LLC 24,461 $2.59M 0.08% +7,893 13F-HR Timeline MORGAN STANLEY in group MORGAN STANLEY More: the full row for MORGAN STANLEY 23,474 $2.48M <0.01% -5,614 13F-HR/A Timeline Group Nuveen Asset Management, LLC in group TIAA More: the full row for Nuveen Asset Management, LLC 21,103 $2.23M <0.01% -32,349 13F-HR Timeline Group PUBLIC EMPLOYEES RETIREMENT SYSTEM OF O… More: the full row for PUBLIC EMPLOYEES RETIREMENT SYSTEM OF OHIO 19,625 $2.08M 0.01% -8,941 13F-HR Timeline RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL INC in group RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL INC More: the full row for RAYMOND JAMES FINANCIAL INC 19,587 $2.07M <0.01% 13F-HR/A Timeline Group JANUS HENDERSON GROUP PLC in group Janus Henderson More: the full row for JANUS HENDERSON GROUP PLC 19,344 $2.05M <0.01% +5,403 13F-HR Timeline Group CITADEL ADVISORS LLC in group CITADEL ADVISORS LLC More: the full row for CITADEL ADVISORS LLC 18,453 $1.95M <0.01% +13,269 13F-HR Timeline Group COOPER CREEK PARTNERS MANAGEMENT LLC More: the full row for COOPER CREEK PARTNERS MANAGEMENT LLC 18,427 $1.95M 0.06% 0 13F-HR Timeline ENVESTNET ASSET MANAGEMENT INC in group ENVESTNET ASSET MANAGEMENT INC More: the full row for ENVESTNET ASSET MANAGEMENT INC 17,976 $1.9M <0.01% -8,679 13F-HR Timeline Group Swiss National Bank More: the full row for Swiss National Bank 17,915 $1.89M <0.01% 0 13F-HR Timeline FMR LLC in group FMR LLC More: the full row for FMR LLC 16,775 $1.77M <0.01% +16,173 13F-HR Timeline Group TD Asset Management Inc More: the full row for TD Asset Management Inc 16,422 $1.74M <0.01% +10,728 13F-HR Timeline BARCLAYS PLC in group BARCLAYS PLC More: the full row for BARCLAYS PLC 16,234 $1.72M <0.01% +1,104 13F-HR/A Timeline Group TWO SIGMA INVESTMENTS, LP group of 2 filers holding More: the full row for TWO SIGMA INVESTMENTS, LP 14,173 $1.5M -11,483 Timeline Focus Partners Wealth in group Focus Partners Wealth More: the full row for Focus Partners Wealth 12,762 $1.35M <0.01% -388 13F-HR/A Timeline Group Keebeck Wealth Management More: the full row for Keebeck Wealth Management 12,432 $1.31M 0.19% -79 13F-HR Timeline RHUMBLINE ADVISERS More: the full row for RHUMBLINE ADVISERS 12,348 $1.31M <0.01% +486 13F-HR/A Timeline ALLIANCEBERNSTEIN L.P. More: the full row for ALLIANCEBERNSTEIN L.P. 11,545 $1.22M <0.01% -86 13F-HR Timeline Legato Capital Management LLC More: the full row for Legato Capital Management LLC 11,462 $1.21M 0.16% -3,437 13F-HR Timeline MOODY NATIONAL BANK TRUST DIVISION in group MOODY NATIONAL BANK TRUST DIV… More: the full row for MOODY NATIONAL BANK TRUST DIVISION 10,235 $1.08M 0.11% +4,450 13F-HR Timeline Group WHITE PINE CAPITAL LLC More: the full row for WHITE PINE CAPITAL LLC 10,022 $1.06M 0.36% +42 13F-HR Timeline Legal & General Group Plc in group Legal & General Group Plc More: the full row for Legal & General Group Plc 9,003 $952K <0.01% +116 13F-HR Timeline Group CALIFORNIA STATE TEACHERS RETIREMENT SY… More: the full row for CALIFORNIA STATE TEACHERS RETIREMENT SYSTEM 8,537 $903K <0.01% -106 13F-HR/A Timeline CITIGROUP INC in group CITIGROUP INC More: the full row for CITIGROUP INC 8,235 $871K <0.01% +531 13F-HR Timeline Group DEUTSCHE BANK AG\ in group DEUTSCHE BANK AG\ More: the full row for DEUTSCHE BANK AG\ 7,833 $828K <0.01% +2,608 13F-HR/A Timeline Group COMMONWEALTH EQUITY SERVICES, LLC More: the full row for COMMONWEALTH EQUITY SERVICES, LLC 7,645 $808K <0.01% +4 13F-HR Timeline ExodusPoint Capital Management, LP More: the full row for ExodusPoint Capital Management, LP 7,307 $773K 0.01% new 13F-HR Timeline Nebula Research & Development LLC More: the full row for Nebula Research & Development LLC 7,103 $751K 0.09% +1,707 13F-HR Timeline BNP PARIBAS FINANCIAL MARKETS in group BNP PARIBAS FINANCIAL MARKETS More: the full row for BNP PARIBAS FINANCIAL MARKETS 7,078 $748K <0.01% -15,583 13F-HR Timeline Group DARK FOREST CAPITAL MANAGEMENT LP More: the full row for DARK FOREST CAPITAL MANAGEMENT LP 6,911 $731K 0.11% new 13F-HR Timeline SUSQUEHANNA INTERNATIONAL GROUP, LLP in group SUSQUEHANNA INTERNATIONAL GRO… More: the full row for SUSQUEHANNA INTERNATIONAL GROUP, LLP 6,516 $689K <0.01% +357 13F-HR Timeline Group SEI INVESTMENTS CO in group SEI INVESTMENTS CO More: the full row for SEI INVESTMENTS CO 6,489 $686K <0.01% -1,427 13F-HR Timeline Group Linden Thomas Advisory Services, LLC More: the full row for Linden Thomas Advisory Services, LLC 6,477 $685K 0.09% +1,219 13F-HR Timeline ANCHOR CAPITAL ADVISORS LLC More: the full row for ANCHOR CAPITAL ADVISORS LLC 6,276 $664K 0.02% +45 13F-HR Timeline Invesco Ltd. in group Invesco Ltd. More: the full row for Invesco Ltd. 6,213 $657K <0.01% +38 13F-HR Timeline Group Diamond Hill Capital Management, LLC (I… More: the full row for Diamond Hill Capital Management, LLC (Investment Advisor) 6,143 $650K <0.01% +643 13F-HR Timeline DIVERSIFIED TRUST CO More: the full row for DIVERSIFIED TRUST CO 6,120 $647K 0.02% +2,135 13F-HR Timeline Arkadios Wealth Advisors More: the full row for Arkadios Wealth Advisors 5,699 $603K 0.03% -419 13F-HR Timeline Russell Investments Group, Ltd. in group Russell Investments Group, Lt… More: the full row for Russell Investments Group, Ltd. 5,571 $589K <0.01% -14,700 13F-HR Timeline Group Cynosure Group, LLC More: the full row for Cynosure Group, LLC 5,486 $580K 0.09% -174 13F-HR Timeline MetLife Investment Management, LLC in group MetLife Investment Management… More: the full row for MetLife Investment Management, LLC 5,430 $574K <0.01% +519 13F-HR Timeline Group MIRAE ASSET GLOBAL ETFS HOLDINGS Ltd. in group Mirae Asset Global Investment… More: the full row for MIRAE ASSET GLOBAL ETFS HOLDINGS Ltd. 5,137 $543K <0.01% +194 13F-HR Timeline Group PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL GROUP INC in group PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL GROUP INC More: the full row for PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL GROUP INC 5,002 $529K <0.01% +391 13F-HR Timeline Group Valmark Advisers, Inc. More: the full row for Valmark Advisers, Inc. 5,000 $529K 0.01% 0 13F-HR Timeline HSBC HOLDINGS PLC in group HSBC HOLDINGS PLC More: the full row for HSBC HOLDINGS PLC 4,879 $519K <0.01% new 13F-HR Timeline Group OPPENHEIMER ASSET MANAGEMENT INC. in group OPPENHEIMER ASSET MANAGEMENT … More: the full row for OPPENHEIMER ASSET MANAGEMENT INC. 4,743 $502K 0.01% -1,975 13F-HR Timeline Group MILLENNIUM MANAGEMENT LLC in group MILLENNIUM MANAGEMENT LLC More: the full row for MILLENNIUM MANAGEMENT LLC 4,545 $481K <0.01% -2,783 13F-HR Timeline Group Premier Fund Managers Ltd More: the full row for Premier Fund Managers Ltd 4,540 $479K 0.02% 0 13F-HR Timeline Corebridge Financial, Inc. in group Corebridge Financial, Inc. More: the full row for Corebridge Financial, Inc. 4,489 $475K <0.01% -339 13F-HR Timeline Group GLENMEDE TRUST CO NA in group GLENMEDE TRUST CO NA More: the full row for GLENMEDE TRUST CO NA 4,328 $458K <0.01% -265 13F-HR Timeline Group WELLS FARGO & COMPANY/MN in group WELLS FARGO & COMPANY/MN More: the full row for WELLS FARGO & COMPANY/MN 4,259 $450K <0.01% +1,463 13F-HR Timeline Group TRUIST FINANCIAL CORP in group TRUIST FINANCIAL CORP More: the full row for TRUIST FINANCIAL CORP 3,893 $412K <0.01% -2,561 13F-HR Timeline Group HOWE & RUSLING INC More: the full row for HOWE & RUSLING INC 3,851 $407K 0.04% -3,003 13F-HR Timeline PRICE T ROWE ASSOCIATES INC /MD/ More: the full row for PRICE T ROWE ASSOCIATES INC /MD/ 3,567 $378K <0.01% +559 13F-HR Timeline INTECH INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT LLC More: the full row for INTECH INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT LLC 3,530 $373K <0.01% +1,586 13F-HR Timeline MANUFACTURERS LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY, T… in group MANUFACTURERS LIFE INSURANCE … More: the full row for MANUFACTURERS LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY, THE 3,210 $339K <0.01% -62 13F-HR Timeline Group XTX Topco Ltd in group XTX Topco Ltd More: the full row for XTX Topco Ltd 3,085 $326K 0.03% new 13F-HR Timeline Group NEW YORK STATE COMMON RETIREMENT FUND More: the full row for NEW YORK STATE COMMON RETIREMENT FUND 3,069 $325K <0.01% 0 13F-HR/A Timeline Centiva Capital, LP More: the full row for Centiva Capital, LP 3,009 $318K 0.01% +171 13F-HR Timeline VOYA INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT LLC in group VOYA INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT LLC More: the full row for VOYA INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT LLC 2,773 $293K <0.01% -129 13F-HR/A Timeline Group ARIZONA STATE RETIREMENT SYSTEM More: the full row for ARIZONA STATE RETIREMENT SYSTEM 2,641 $279K <0.01% +7 13F-HR Timeline ProShare Advisors LLC More: the full row for ProShare Advisors LLC 2,542 $269K <0.01% +837 13F-HR Timeline BROWN ADVISORY INC in group BROWN ADVISORY INC More: the full row for BROWN ADVISORY INC 2,440 $258K <0.01% new 13F-HR Timeline Group JAMES INVESTMENT RESEARCH, INC. More: the full row for JAMES INVESTMENT RESEARCH, INC. 2,256 $239K 0.03% 0 13F-HR Timeline STATE BOARD OF ADMINISTRATION OF FLORID… More: the full row for STATE BOARD OF ADMINISTRATION OF FLORIDA RETIREMENT SYSTEM 2,069 $219K <0.01% 0 13F-HR Timeline Police & Firemen's Retirement System of… More: the full row for Police & Firemen's Retirement System of New Jersey 1,950 $206K <0.01% 13F-HR Timeline D. E. Shaw & Co., Inc. in group D. E. Shaw & Co., Inc. More: the full row for D. E. Shaw & Co., Inc. 1,895 $200K <0.01% 0 13F-HR Timeline Group KLP KAPITALFORVALTNING AS More: the full row for KLP KAPITALFORVALTNING AS 1,800 $190K <0.01% 13F-HR Timeline SG Americas Securities, LLC More: the full row for SG Americas Securities, LLC 1,724 $182K <0.01% new 13F-HR Timeline US BANCORP \DE\ in group US BANCORP \DE\ More: the full row for US BANCORP \DE\ 1,544 $163K <0.01% -3 13F-HR Timeline Group MORGAN DEMPSEY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT LLC More: the full row for MORGAN DEMPSEY CAPITAL MANAGEMENT LLC 1,352 $143K 0.06% new 13F-HR Timeline OSAIC HOLDINGS, INC. in group OSAIC HOLDINGS, INC. More: the full row for OSAIC HOLDINGS, INC. 1,197 $127K <0.01% +1,044 13F-HR/A Timeline Group Aquatic Capital Management LLC More: the full row for Aquatic Capital Management LLC 1,152 $122K <0.01% +1,052 13F-HR Timeline FIFTH THIRD BANCORP in group FIFTH THIRD BANK, NATIONAL AS… More: the full row for FIFTH THIRD BANCORP 885 $93.6K <0.01% -38 13F-HR Timeline Group Ameritas Investment Partners, Inc. in group Ameritas Investment Partners,… More: the full row for Ameritas Investment Partners, Inc. 849 $89.8K <0.01% 0 13F-HR Timeline Group First Horizon Advisors, Inc. More: the full row for First Horizon Advisors, Inc. 659 $69.7K <0.01% 0 13F-HR Timeline CWM, LLC in group CWM, LLC More: the full row for CWM, LLC 622 $66K <0.01% +610 13F-HR Timeline Group Tower Research Capital LLC (TRC) in group Tower Research Capital LLC (T… More: the full row for Tower Research Capital LLC (TRC) 570 $60.3K <0.01% -1,328 13F-HR Timeline Group JONES FINANCIAL COMPANIES LLLP in group JONES FINANCIAL COMPANIES LLLP More: the full row for JONES FINANCIAL COMPANIES LLLP 354 $37.4K <0.01% +309 13F-HR Timeline Group AMALGAMATED BANK More: the full row for AMALGAMATED BANK 279 $30K <0.01% 0 13F-HR Timeline Princeton Global Asset Management LLC More: the full row for Princeton Global Asset Management LLC 250 $26.4K <0.01% 0 13F-HR Timeline PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. in group PNC Financial Services Group,… More: the full row for PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. 190 $20.1K <0.01% -146 13F-HR Timeline Group Ancora Advisors LLC in group Ancora Advisors LLC More: the full row for Ancora Advisors LLC 177 $18.7K <0.01% 0 13F-HR Timeline Group SIGNATUREFD, LLC More: the full row for SIGNATUREFD, LLC 164 $17.3K <0.01% 0 13F-HR Timeline CIBC Private Wealth Group LLC in group CIBC Bancorp USA Inc. More: the full row for CIBC Private Wealth Group LLC 75 $7.95K <0.01% 0 13F-HR Timeline Group Arax Advisory Partners More: the full row for Arax Advisory Partners 36 $3.81K <0.01% -4 13F-HR Timeline Empowered Funds, LLC More: the full row for Empowered Funds, LLC 17 $1.8K <0.01% new 13F-HR Timeline GAMMA Investing LLC More: the full row for GAMMA Investing LLC 16 $1.69K <0.01% +1 13F-HR Timeline SBI Securities Co., Ltd. More: the full row for SBI Securities Co., Ltd. 15 $1.59K <0.01% 13F-HR Timeline Smartleaf Asset Management LLC More: the full row for Smartleaf Asset Management LLC 14 $1.48K <0.01% new 13F-HR Timeline Steward Partners Investment Advisory, L… More: the full row for Steward Partners Investment Advisory, LLC 13 $1.38K <0.01% new 13F-HR Timeline NISA INVESTMENT ADVISORS, LLC More: the full row for NISA INVESTMENT ADVISORS, LLC 11 $1.16K <0.01% -23 13F-HR Timeline Covestor Ltd More: the full row for Covestor Ltd 5 $1K <0.01% -265 13F-HR Timeline Sterling Capital Management LLC More: the full row for Sterling Capital Management LLC 9 $952 <0.01% 0 13F-HR Timeline NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL WEALTH MANAGEMENT CO in group NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL INVESTMEN… More: the full row for NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL WEALTH MANAGEMENT CO 6 $634 <0.01% new 13F-HR Timeline Group EverSource Wealth Advisors, LLC in group EverSource Wealth Advisors, L… More: the full row for EverSource Wealth Advisors, LLC 3 $317 <0.01% new 13F-HR Timeline Group IFP Advisors, Inc More: the full row for IFP Advisors, Inc 0 $211 <0.01% new 13F-HR Timeline Amount filed as zero, left out of ratios. CONCOURSE FINANCIAL GROUP SECURITIES, I… More: the full row for CONCOURSE FINANCIAL GROUP SECURITIES, INC. 0 $0 0% 0 13F-HR Timeline Value filed as zero, left out of ratios. Amount filed as zero, left out of ratios.